osx 10.9上自带的nasm版本比较低，然后不能编译64位的程序。
从www.nasm.us直接下载最新的版本；路径加入系统的PATH环境变量里面就好了。
mac上面的gcc编译.o文件的时候默认的入口是_main，而使用ld命令时，默认的是start。
SECTION .data
msg: db "hello xiaozi!", 0x0a
len: equ $-msg
SECTION .text
global _main
kernel:
syscall
ret
_main:
mov rax,0x2000004
mov rdi,1
mov rsi,msg
mov rdx,len
call kernel
mov rax,0x2000001
mov rdi,0
call kernelnasm -f macho64 -o asm1.o asm1.asm
ld -o asm1 -e _main asm1.o
./asm1首先看效果：
下面是所用到的颜色:
分析：
因为是demo，所以很多地方的代码组织不完善。
//
// StatusItemView.h
// SysStatus
//
// Created by xiaozi on 14-2-23.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 xiaozi. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#import "ProgressView.h"
@interface StatusItemView : NSControl <NSMenuDelegate> {
NSStatusItem *_statusItem;
BOOL _isHighlighted;
NSDictionary *_data;
SEL _action;
id __unsafe_unretained _target;
ProgressView *_cpuView;
ProgressView *_memView;
}
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSStatusItem *statusItem;
@property (nonatomic, setter = setHighlighted:) BOOL isHighlighted;
@property (nonatomic) NSDictionary *data;
@property (nonatomic) SEL action;
@property (nonatomic, unsafe_unretained) id target;
- (id) initWithStatusItem: (NSStatusItem *)statusItem;
@end//
// StatusItemView.m
// SysStatus
//
// Created by xiaozi on 14-2-23.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 xiaozi. All rights reserved.
//
#import "StatusItemView.h"
#import "ProgressView.h"
@implementation StatusItemView
- (id) initWithStatusItem: (NSStatusItem *)statusItem
{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
// Initialization code here.
_statusItem = statusItem;
_cpuView = [[ProgressView alloc] initWithFrame: NSMakeRect(0, 10, 82, 11)];
[_cpuView setBarColor:[NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.91 green:0.3 blue:0.24 alpha:1]];
[_cpuView setData:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"CPU %3d%%", @"label", [NSNumber numberWithInt: 0], @"value", nil]];
_memView = [[ProgressView alloc] initWithFrame: NSMakeRect(0, 1, 82, 11)];
[_memView setBarColor:[NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.29 green:0.64 blue:0.87 alpha:1]];
[_memView setData:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"MEM %3d%%", @"label", [NSNumber numberWithInt: 0], @"value", nil]];
[self addSubview:_cpuView];
[self addSubview:_memView];
}
return self;
}
- (void) setData: (NSDictionary *)data
{
[_cpuView setData:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"CPU %3d%%", @"label", [data objectForKey: @"cpu"], @"value", nil]];
[_memView setData:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"MEM %3d%%", @"label", [data objectForKey: @"mem"], @"value", nil]];
}
- (void) setHighlighted: (BOOL) highlighted
{
if (_isHighlighted == highlighted) return;
_isHighlighted = highlighted;
[_cpuView setHighlighted: highlighted];
[_memView setHighlighted: highlighted];
[self setNeedsDisplay: YES];
}
- (void) setMenu:(NSMenu *)menu
{
[menu setDelegate: self];
[super setMenu: menu];
}
- (void)mouseDown:(NSEvent *)theEvent
{
[_statusItem popUpStatusItemMenu: [super menu]];
[NSApp sendAction:_action to:_target from:self];
}
- (void)menuWillOpen:(NSMenu *)menu {
[self setHighlighted:YES];
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (void)menuDidClose:(NSMenu *)menu {
[self setHighlighted:NO];
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (void)drawRect:(NSRect)dirtyRect
{
[_statusItem drawStatusBarBackgroundInRect:dirtyRect withHighlight: _isHighlighted];
}
@end//
// ProgressView.m
// SysStatus
//
// Created by xiaozi on 14-2-24.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 xiaozi. All rights reserved.
//
#import "ProgressView.h"
@implementation ProgressView
- (id)initWithFrame:(NSRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
// Initialization code here.
_data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"LAB %3d%%", @"label", [NSNumber numberWithInt: 50], @"value", nil];
_barColor = [NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.91 green:0.3 blue:0.24 alpha:1];
}
return self;
}
- (void) setHighlighted:(BOOL)highlighted
{
if (_highlighted == highlighted) return;
_highlighted = highlighted;
[self setNeedsDisplay: YES];
}
-(void) setData:(NSDictionary *)data
{
_data = data;
[self setNeedsDisplay: YES];
}
- (void)drawRect:(NSRect)dirtyRect
{
NSColor *fontColor,*barBorderColor,*barIndicatorColor,*barBgColor;
if (_highlighted) {
fontColor = [NSColor whiteColor];
barBorderColor = [NSColor whiteColor];
barIndicatorColor = [NSColor whiteColor];
barBgColor = [NSColor clearColor];
} else {
fontColor = [NSColor blackColor];
barBorderColor = [NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.17 green:0.24 blue:0.3 alpha:1];
barIndicatorColor = _barColor;
barBgColor = [NSColor colorWithCalibratedRed:0.95 green:0.96 blue:0.96 alpha:1];
}
NSDictionary *attributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSFont fontWithName:@"Menlo" size: 8], NSFontAttributeName, fontColor, NSForegroundColorAttributeName, nil];
NSAttributedString * text=[[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat: [_data valueForKey:@"label"], [[_data objectForKey: @"value"] integerValue]] attributes: attributes];
[text drawAtPoint:NSMakePoint(6, 1)];
NSRect bar = NSMakeRect(50.0f, 3, 27.0f, 6.0f);
bar = NSInsetRect(bar, .5f, .5f);
NSBezierPath *barView = [NSBezierPath bezierPathWithRect: bar];
[barBgColor set];
[barView fill];
[barBorderColor set];
[barView stroke];
NSRect barIndicator = NSMakeRect(50.0f, 3, roundf(.27f * [[_data objectForKey: @"value"] integerValue]), 6.0f);
barIndicator = NSInsetRect(barIndicator, 1, 1);
[barIndicatorColor set];
[NSBezierPath fillRect:barIndicator];
}
@end使用方法
- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification
{
// Insert code here to initialize your application
NSStatusItem *statusItem = [[NSStatusBar systemStatusBar] statusItemWithLength:82];
statusItemView = [[StatusItemView alloc] initWithStatusItem: statusItem];
[statusItem setHighlightMode: YES];
[statusItem setView: statusItemView];
[statusItemView setMenu: _statusMenu];
[NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:2
target:self
selector:@selector(updateInfo:)
userInfo:nil
repeats:YES];
}
- (void)updateInfo:(NSTimer *)timer
{
int cpuUsage = (arc4random() % 20) + 2;
int memUsage = (arc4random() % 10) + 50;
// NSLog(@"%d, %d", cpuUsage, memUsage);
NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSNumber numberWithInt: cpuUsage], @"cpu", [NSNumber numberWithInt: memUsage], @"mem", nil];
[statusItemView setData: data];
}
源码已经放在github上
左击切换状态，右击显示菜单；但是NSStatusItem没有提供右键菜单，所以要定义自己的View；若果需要直接方便使用的话，有开源框架RHStatusItemView，引入项目中就可以用了。下面是我自己实现的：
//
// StatusItemView.h
// awake
//
// Created by xiaozi on 14-2-21.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 xiaozi. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
@interface StatusItemView : NSControl <NSMenuDelegate>{
NSImage *_image;
NSImage *_alternateImage;
NSStatusItem *_statusItem;
BOOL _isHighlighted;
SEL _action;
SEL _rightAction;
id __unsafe_unretained _target;
}
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSStatusItem *statusItem;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSImage *image;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSImage *alternateImage;
@property (nonatomic, setter = setHighlighted:) BOOL isHighlighted;
@property (nonatomic) SEL action;
@property (nonatomic) SEL rightAction;
@property (nonatomic, unsafe_unretained) id target;
- (id) initWithStatusItem: (NSStatusItem *) statusItem;
@end//
// StatusItemView.m
// awake
//
// Created by xiaozi on 14-2-21.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 xiaozi. All rights reserved.
//
#import "StatusItemView.h"
@implementation StatusItemView
- (id)initWithFrame:(NSRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
// Initialization code here.
}
return self;
}
- (void) drawRect:(NSRect)dirtyRect
{
[_statusItem drawStatusBarBackgroundInRect:dirtyRect withHighlight:_isHighlighted];
NSImage *icon = _isHighlighted ? _alternateImage : _image;
NSSize iconSize = [icon size];
NSRect bounds = [self bounds];
CGFloat iconX = roundf((NSWidth(bounds) - iconSize.width) / 2);
CGFloat iconY = roundf((NSHeight(bounds) - iconSize.height) / 2);
NSPoint iconPoint = NSMakePoint(iconX, iconY);
[icon drawAtPoint:iconPoint fromRect:bounds operation:NSCompositeSourceOver fraction:1.0];
}
- (id) initWithStatusItem: (NSStatusItem *) statusItem {
CGFloat itemWidth = [statusItem length];
CGFloat itemHeight = [[NSStatusBar systemStatusBar] thickness];
NSRect itemRect = NSMakeRect(0.0, 0.0, itemWidth, itemHeight);
self = [self initWithFrame:itemRect];
if (self != nil)
{
_statusItem = statusItem;
[_statusItem setView: self];
}
return self;
}
- (void)setMenu:(NSMenu *) menu {
[menu setDelegate: self];
[super setMenu: menu];
}
- (void)setHighlighted:(BOOL)newFlag
{
if (_isHighlighted == newFlag) return;
_isHighlighted = newFlag;
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (void)mouseDown:(NSEvent *)theEvent
{
[NSApp sendAction:_action to:_target from:self];
}
- (void)rightMouseDown:(NSEvent *)theEvent
{
NSMenu *menu = [super menu];
[_statusItem popUpStatusItemMenu:menu];
[NSApp sendAction:_rightAction to:_target from:self];
}
- (void)menuWillOpen:(NSMenu *)menu {
[self setHighlighted:YES];
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (void)menuDidClose:(NSMenu *)menu {
[self setHighlighted:NO];
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (void)setImage:(NSImage *)newImage
{
_image = newImage;
[self setNeedsDisplay: YES];
}
- (void)setAlternateImage:(NSImage *)newImage
{
_alternateImage = newImage;
if (_isHighlighted)
[self setNeedsDisplay:YES];
}
- (BOOL)isOpaque
{
return YES;
}
@end具体使用方法：
statusItem = [[NSStatusBar systemStatusBar] statusItemWithLength: 22.0];
[statusItem setHighlightMode:YES];
statusView = [[StatusItemView alloc] initWithStatusItem: statusItem];
[statusView setMenu: statusMenu];
// [statusItem setView: statusView];
[statusView setImage: [NSImage imageNamed:@"MenuIcon"]];
[statusView setAlternateImage: [NSImage imageNamed:@"MenuIconSelected"]];
[statusView setAction: @selector(clickStatusItem:)];\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
rvm install 1.9
rvm use 1.9 --defaultgem sources
gem sources -r https://rubygems.org/
gem sources -a http://ruby.taobao.org/gem install mailcatcher
mailcatcher --http-ip=0.0.0.0
# browser visit http://[ip]:1080/# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
send_mail_path = /usr/bin/env catchmail
# service php-fpm restart# php -a
mail('245565986@qq.com', 'test email', 'email\'s content is written by xiaozi.');直接insert模式下粘贴会有问题，如：自动的缩进，自动的注释。
可以使用
:r !cat
// 粘贴
// [ctrl] + [d]在 mac 下，方便一点，可以使用
:r !pbpaste使用shift + v之后选择了多行，并且进行缩进>，但是可能需要缩进多次；需要用到重复上次命令的指令.。
shift + v
shift + .
// 重复多少次就按多少次
.#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int pwidth = 75;
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < pwidth; i++) {
// 构建进度条
printf("%3d%% [", i * 100 / pwidth);
for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
putchar('=');
for (; j < pwidth; j++)
putchar(' ');
putchar(']');
fflush(stdout);
sleep(1);
// 把刚才输出的都擦掉，用\r会有问题。
for (j = 0; j < pwidth + 7; j++)
putchar('\b');
}
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}02-19,补充：
Terminal Control Escape Sequences 找到
Erase End of Line <ESC>[K
- Erases from the current cursor position to the end of the current line.
Erase Start of Line <ESC>[1K
- Erases from the current cursor position to the start of the current line.
Erase Line <ESC>[2K
- Erases the entire current line.
Erase Down <ESC>[J
- Erases the screen from the current line down to the bottom of the screen.
Erase Up <ESC>[1J
- Erases the screen from the current line up to the top of the screen.
Erase Screen <ESC>[2J
- Erases the screen with the background colour and moves the cursor to _home_.
若是tty的话，可以这样：
printf("\r\x1b[K%3d%% [", i * 100 / pwidth);brew install axel安装说是证书错误，然后就用Safari打开链接，信任了一下网址的证书，再次执行brew install，报SHA1不一样，继续用浏览器打开，结果发现页面不对，官网的下载地址失效了？无奈中是用google找到了axel的一个下载地址，macports的；
cd /Library/Caches/Homebrew
# http://distfiles.macports.org/axel/axel-2.4.tar.bz2
# 文件下载到该目录
brew install -vd axel至此，安装成功！
02-19,注：
貌似使用pstree查看axel -n10的时候并没有使用多线程；于是就删除了他，换成了aria2
本文的由来，在看 一淘九宫格的面试题 这篇文章的时候，发现 雨夜带刀 的实现方案没有使用z-index实现了层级的更改效果，于是便产生了好奇；问过几个前端，无果；经过一番google之后，得以下文档：
Standard blocks (DIV #5) in the normal flow, without any positioning property, are always rendered before positioned elements, and appear below them, even if they come later in the HTML hierarchy.
Positioned elements without z-index applied or z-index: 0 are on a higher stacking level than non-positioned elements.
大概意思是：
没有指定z-index的时候，定位元素要晚于非定位元素渲染，这样使得定位元素拥有更高的显示层级。
参考：
白话解释：利用ajax进行页面的局部刷新，并可以实现浏览器前进后退 的一个库
bower install jquery-pjax -S --allow-root官方文档上是这样写的：
$(document.body).pjax("a.btn", ".container");神马？没搞定？
额！确实没搞定，于是第一个想到的就是google。无奈转载太多，而且提供的demo没有一个正常工作的（PS：鄙视转载无验证）。
根据上图中提示的代码位置，找到了locationReplace，在根据xhr请求被cancel，定位到代码223行，输出错误为timeout，找至196行，发现插件的默认值中根本就没有timeout选项，于是设置超时10s就解决这个问题了：
$(document.body).pjax("a.btn", ".container", {timeout: 10000});PS:不知官方文档使用方法为何没有提及，不知我国人写出demo之后有无测试过
// 从数据库中取出前5个用户，并缓存结果。
User::remember(10)->take(5)->get();
// 下面这句会缓存posts么？
User::with(array('posts'))->remember(10)->take(5)->get();先找一下remember在哪定义的！
# grep -nC1 "Eloquent" app/config/app.php
150- 'DB' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB',
151: 'Eloquent' => 'Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model',
152- 'Event' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event',# grep -nC3 "function remember(" vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Query/Builder.php
1086- * @param string $key
1087- * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder|static
1088- */
1089: public function remember($minutes, $key = null)
1090- {
1091- list($this->cacheMinutes, $this->cacheKey) = array($minutes, $key);
1092-这里Eloquent是Model的一个别名，而Model中并没有定义remember方法，而是用了装饰者设计模式通过__call魔术方法调用了Builder的方法。其实他是在内部实例化Builder的，有点“反向代理”的意思。
Builder在调用remember的时候做了个标记，在get的时候对这个标记作了判断，对查询结果做了缓存的写入和读取。这就不难理解remember方法只会对单个query查询结果进行缓存。
回头看
User::with(array('posts'))->remember(10)->take(5)->get();使用with只是将1 + 5 * 1次query，优化成了1 + 1次；而不是想象中的一次缓存该条语句产生的所有query的结果。
User::with(array('posts' => function ($query)
{
return $query->remember(10);
}))->remember(10)->take(5)->get();当然，在定义model relation的时候也可以将 remember() 跟在后面，但我不认为这是一个好的方法。
function posts()
{
return $this->hasMany('Post')->remember(10);
}额，这个问题不知道怎么产生的，但它确实出现了。解决办法：
VBoxManage list vms
# "vagrant_default_1389674864" {aea24237-3b9e-45b2-8593-59e2b63b34b8}
# 修改id文件
vim .vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/id
# 或者直接
echo 'aea24237-3b9e-45b2-8593-59e2b63b34b8' > .vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/id#...
config.vm.synced_folder "/Applications/MAMP/htdocs/plus.tool.lu", "/var/www/html"
#...好吧，在虚拟机里面chmod -R 777 /var/www/html没用，google之后发现，需要在Vagrantfile里面设置。Vagrant Synced Folders Permissions
# ...
config.vm.synced_folder "/Applications/MAMP/htdocs/plus.tool.lu", "/var/www/html",
id: "vagrant-root",
owner: "nobody",
group: "nobody",
mount_options: ["dmode=775,fmode=664"]
# ...购买了1个月的laracasts.com的帐号，又怕有的时候没时间看，所以就都抓取下来。
CREATE TABLE `laracasts_lessons` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`title` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`downlink` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`description` text NOT NULL,
`path` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;这里说一下流程，代码就不贴出来了，有需要的可以下载附件。请先修改文件内的数据库用户名密码，和laracasts的账户，再执行./laracasts.sh
登录 -> 遍历列表页面 -> 遍历课程页面 -> 获取信息 -> 下载视频 -> 保存到MySQLnpm install gulp -g
npm install gulp gulp-coffee gulp-concat --save-dev我的js第三方库是使用bower来管理的，.bowerrc
{
"directory": "public/js/vendor"
}gulp这样配置，暂时只用了coffee的编译，没有使用js的合并和混淆
var gulp = require('gulp');
var coffee = require('gulp-coffee');
var concat = require('gulp-concat');
var uglify = require('gulp-uglify');
var rename = require('gulp-rename');
gulp.task('coffee', function () {
gulp.src(['./public/js/**/*.coffee', '!./public/js/vendor/**'])
.pipe(coffee())
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/js/'));
});
gulp.task('scripts', function () {
gulp.src(['./public/js/**/*.js', '!./public/js/vendor/**'])
.pipe(concat('all.js'))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/dist'))
.pipe(rename('all.min.js'))
.pipe(uglify())
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/dist'));
});
gulp.task('default', function() {
gulp.run('coffee');
// gulp.run('scripts');
gulp.watch(['./public/js/**/*.coffee', '!./public/js/vendor/**'], function () {
gulp.run('coffee');
});
if (0) {
gulp.watch(['./public/js/**/*.js', '!./public/js/vendor/**'], function () {
gulp.run('scripts');
});
}
});vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/helpers.php Laravel4这个自带的function很不错，但是有的时候想扩展自己的方法；问题是该在哪边require进去。
建立一个文件app/Service/helpers.php，所有的自定义方法就写在这个里面了；然后修改composer.json，在autoload里面加上该文件，再执行composer du就可以了
{
"autoload": {
// ...
"files": ["app/Service/helpers.php"]
}
}